Names: Ella, Emma,Kelsey, Destinee Summary of Civilization:
The Inca had built the biggest and the richest empire the americas have ever seen. The name Inca was originally tittled Empire. They eventually settled down and built Cusco. Cuzco is their capital. they were a civilized city for many decades. later in thier last years the spanish sailed to there palace and fored them to mine for silver and gold. it was said each family was to choose one memeber to work at the mines every day. only at night shall they come home. the spanish people worked them to death. almost every year the family member was replaced. a horrible disease called smallbox had killed 94 percent in the end.The Incsa empire srteches from Ecuador to Chile.The first Inca ruler was Manco Capac. Pachacuti turned control of the ever - growing Inca army over to his son, Topa Inca. Many historians believe that the eighth Inca ruler was Inca Viracocha. Inca history might have ended then and there if it were not for Pachacuti. Just as the war was ending the spanish explorer and conquerer Francisco Pizarro arrived. one cool fact .is with all the gold the spaish soilders melted 11 tons of gold objects. wow think of how rich they were. today now women men and even animals were gold for fun. it did costa lot back then.
Geography:
Machu Picchu is a large mountaintop with more than 140 granite buildings held by more than 1,000 people there. The first ruler was Manco Capac. Some people eventually many of the people of Inca settled in Cuzco,Cuzco was to be the Inca capital for the empire. up in the moutains the incas used fished in large lakes . What we do know comes from the archaeological site of Machu Picchu.
Climate:
The inca's land was hot dry weather. They lived in the Atacama desert. Which only got really 50 cm of rain or more each year. I would be very hot. They had one lake called lake Titicaca and gave them at lot of things like fish, water, and coolness Art and Architecture:
The empire was divided into four Suyus, whose corners met at the capital, Cuzco (Qosqo), in modern-day Peru. The official language of the empire was Quechua.There were many local forms of worship, most of them concerning local sacred "Huacas", but the Inca leadership encouraged the worship of inti— the sun god — and imposed its sovereignty above other cults such as that of Pachamama.The Inca, who called themselves Tawantinsuyu, ruled from Cusco an empire extending between Ecuador and Chile. A highland warrior people, the Inca preferred an aesthetic that was formally simple, decoratively sparse, and functional. Because the Inca were the Native Americans that the Spanish conquered, their culture is the Central Andean Area civilization of which most is known; however, as happened with the treasures of their Mesoamerican contemporaries, the Aztecs, many Inca artifacts were destroyed by the Spanish, out of greed for gold and silver or out of Christian militancy.
Highland Inca cities such as Machu Picchu were carefully planned to harmonize with the landscape, both through the use of indigenous materials and through the architectural repetition of surrounding natural forms. Structurally among the most accomplished in the pre-Columbian period, Inca buildings were constructed with carefully shaped, precisely fitted stone masonry that was left undecorated. Trapezoidal doors and windows were characteristic.
The Inca produced neither large-scale freestanding statues nor architectural sculpture. Metal figurines and small stone ceremonial bowls in the shape of llamas and alpacas are among the finest examples of their sculpture.
Inca pottery, like that of the Chimu, was mass-produced, but it was less distinguished. The most characteristic shape was that of the aryballos, a polychromed container for carrying liquids. In both textiles and metalwork, the Inca continued the Central Andean tradition of high-quality design and execution. Culture (Religion, Customs, Food, ect.):
The Incas did not have any written language. Some suggest that they must have used some symbols and diagrams. The Incas did have a class of verbal historians. It was their job to keep the stories and history alive by telling it to others and passing it on to the next generation.The Inca fashioned jewlery, ,cloth, and clothing. Often the jewelry and statues were for religious purposes or had religious significance.The Incas worshipped many gods. There was a creator and several sky gods. There were also goddesses of the earth and sea. The Incas believed that gold was the sweat of the sun. Gold was only valued when it was used to create ceremonial objects, such as containers and jewelry, or when it was used to adorn tombs and temples. Much of the gold of the Incas was taken and melted down when Pizarro invaded the Inca empire. Many of the religious ceremonies centered on agriculture - the growing and harvesting of crops - and on curing illnesses. Sometimes the Inca sacrificed animals or even people to the gods, especially the god of the sun. Sacrifices were also made following certain events like earthquakes or the death of an emperor. In addition to priests who led religious ceremonies the Inca also had Mamacunas who were like nuns today. The mamacunas lived in convents. They taught spinning, weaving, making royal clothing, and baking holy bread. The Inca farmers grew more food than was needed. After part of the harvest was eaten the rest was dried and stored for times of war or famine.
Technology (Farming, hunting?):
Farming and hunting was very important to the inca's back then. growing food meant they would eat more. Facts from books say they used to hunt fish. With axes and spear animals brought good meat. References:
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Summary of Civilization:
The Inca had built the biggest and the richest empire the americas have ever seen. The name Inca was originally tittled Empire. They eventually settled down and built Cusco. Cuzco is their capital. they were a civilized city for many decades. later in thier last years the spanish sailed to there palace and fored them to mine for silver and gold. it was said each family was to choose one memeber to work at the mines every day. only at night shall they come home. the spanish people worked them to death. almost every year the family member was replaced. a horrible disease called smallbox had killed 94 percent in the end.The Incsa empire srteches from Ecuador to Chile.The first Inca ruler was Manco Capac. Pachacuti turned control of the ever - growing Inca army over to his son, Topa Inca. Many historians believe that the eighth Inca ruler was Inca Viracocha. Inca history might have ended then and there if it were not for Pachacuti. Just as the war was ending the spanish explorer and conquerer Francisco Pizarro arrived. one cool fact .is with all the gold the spaish soilders melted 11 tons of gold objects. wow think of how rich they were. today now women men and even animals were gold for fun. it did costa lot back then.
Geography:
Machu Picchu is a large mountaintop with more than 140 granite buildings held by more than 1,000 people there. The first ruler was Manco Capac. Some people eventually many of the people of Inca settled in Cuzco,Cuzco was to be the Inca capital for the empire. up in the moutains the incas used fished in large lakes . What we do know comes from the archaeological site of Machu Picchu.
Climate:
The inca's land was hot dry weather. They lived in the Atacama desert. Which only got really 50 cm of rain or more each year. I would be very hot. They had one lake called lake Titicaca and gave them at lot of things like fish, water, and coolness
Art and Architecture:
The empire was divided into four Suyus, whose corners met at the capital, Cuzco (Qosqo), in modern-day Peru. The official language of the empire was Quechua.There were many local forms of worship, most of them concerning local sacred "Huacas", but the Inca leadership encouraged the worship of inti— the sun god — and imposed its sovereignty above other cults such as that of Pachamama.The Inca, who called themselves Tawantinsuyu, ruled from Cusco an empire extending between Ecuador and Chile. A highland warrior people, the Inca preferred an aesthetic that was formally simple, decoratively sparse, and functional. Because the Inca were the Native Americans that the Spanish conquered, their culture is the Central Andean Area civilization of which most is known; however, as happened with the treasures of their Mesoamerican contemporaries, the Aztecs, many Inca artifacts were destroyed by the Spanish, out of greed for gold and silver or out of Christian militancy.
Highland Inca cities such as Machu Picchu were carefully planned to harmonize with the landscape, both through the use of indigenous materials and through the architectural repetition of surrounding natural forms. Structurally among the most accomplished in the pre-Columbian period, Inca buildings were constructed with carefully shaped, precisely fitted stone masonry that was left undecorated. Trapezoidal doors and windows were characteristic.
The Inca produced neither large-scale freestanding statues nor architectural sculpture. Metal figurines and small stone ceremonial bowls in the shape of llamas and alpacas are among the finest examples of their sculpture.
Inca pottery, like that of the Chimu, was mass-produced, but it was less distinguished. The most characteristic shape was that of the aryballos, a polychromed container for carrying liquids. In both textiles and metalwork, the Inca continued the Central Andean tradition of high-quality design and execution.
Culture (Religion, Customs, Food, ect.):
The Incas did not have any written language. Some suggest that they must have used some symbols and diagrams. The Incas did have a class of verbal historians. It was their job to keep the stories and history alive by telling it to others and passing it on to the next generation.The Inca fashioned jewlery, ,cloth, and clothing. Often the jewelry and statues were for religious purposes or had religious significance.The Incas worshipped many gods. There was a creator and several sky gods. There were also goddesses of the earth and sea. The Incas believed that gold was the sweat of the sun. Gold was only valued when it was used to create ceremonial objects, such as containers and jewelry, or when it was used to adorn tombs and temples. Much of the gold of the Incas was taken and melted down when Pizarro invaded the Inca empire. Many of the religious ceremonies centered on agriculture - the growing and harvesting of crops - and on curing illnesses. Sometimes the Inca sacrificed animals or even people to the gods, especially the god of the sun. Sacrifices were also made following certain events like earthquakes or the death of an emperor. In addition to priests who led religious ceremonies the Inca also had Mamacunas who were like nuns today. The mamacunas lived in convents. They taught spinning, weaving, making royal clothing, and baking holy bread. The Inca farmers grew more food than was needed. After part of the harvest was eaten the rest was dried and stored for times of war or famine.
Technology (Farming, hunting?):
Farming and hunting was very important to the inca's back then. growing food meant they would eat more. Facts from books say they used to hunt fish. With axes and spear animals brought good meat.
References:
embodied by
Site your sources here.